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| 1954 |
| | | George Grivas leads a guerrilla movement, EOKA, fighting for Cyprus's independence from Britain and union with Greece | |
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| 1956 |
| | | French Morocco and Spanish Morocco win independence from the two colonial powers | |
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| 1957 |
| | | Kwame Nkrumah leads the Gold Coast into independence under a name of historic resonance, Ghana | |
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| 1959 |
| | | Lee Kuan Yew becomes the first prime minister of the newly independent state of Singapore | |
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| 1960 |
| | | Cyprus becomes an independent nation, free of British colonial rule, with Archbishop Makarios as president | |
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| 1960 |
| | | British and Italian colonies merge as the independent Somali republic, also known as Somalia, with Aden Abdullah Osman as president | |
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| 1960 |
| | | Nigeria wins independence, with Abubakar Tafawa Balewa as prime minister, but its stability is threatened by tribal and regional factions | |
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| 1961 |
| | | Former British colony Sierra Leone becomes an independent state within the Commonwealth | |
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| 1962 |
| | | The former British colony of Uganda becomes an independent republic, with Milton Obote as prime minister | |
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| 1963 |
| | | Kenya becomes independent, with Jomo Kenyatta as prime minister | |
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